What hormones are secreted by the adrenal glands during stressful situations?

The adrenal glands play a critical role in the body's response to stress by secreting hormones that prepare the body to handle challenging situations. During stressful scenarios, the adrenal glands primarily release epinephrine and norepinephrine, which are vital for the "fight-or-flight" response. These hormones increase heart rate, elevate blood pressure, and boost energy supplies, all essential for immediate physical action.

Epinephrine, often referred to as adrenaline, is predominant during acute stress, giving a quick burst of energy and heightened alertness. Norepinephrine supports this by enhancing focus and attention. Together, these hormones enable the body to respond swiftly and effectively to threats.

While cortisol is also released by the adrenal glands and plays a significant role in managing stress, particularly in sustained or chronic stress situations, the option specifying epinephrine and norepinephrine highlights the immediate hormonal response that occurs in acute stress. This makes it crucial for understanding the physiological changes that happen during stressful events.