Who devised the theory of multiple intelligences?

The theory of multiple intelligences was developed by Howard Gardner, who proposed that intelligence is not a single, fixed attribute but rather a collection of various types of intelligences that individuals can possess in different degrees. Gardner identified at least eight distinct intelligences, including linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. This theory challenges traditional notions of intelligence, such as the emphasis on IQ tests, by recognizing the diverse ways that people learn and express their capabilities. Gardner's framework has had a significant impact on educational practices by encouraging teaching methods that cater to various learning styles, thereby promoting a more inclusive approach to recognizing and nurturing talent in students.