Who is the theorist behind the stages of moral development?

The theorist behind the stages of moral development is Lawrence Kohlberg. His work expanded on Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development and focused specifically on how individuals come to understand morality and make ethical decisions. Kohlberg proposed that moral reasoning progresses through a series of defined stages, which are grouped into three main levels: pre-conventional, conventional, and post-conventional. Each stage represents a different approach to morality, from a focus on obedience and self-interest to an understanding of social contracts and universal ethical principles.

Kohlberg’s framework not only emphasizes the cognitive aspects of moral reasoning but also suggests that development occurs as individuals face moral dilemmas that challenge their current level of understanding. This model has been influential in psychology and education, informing discussions about moral education and development across different age groups.

Other theorists mentioned, such as Eric Erikson, focused on psychosocial development; Carol Gilligan critiqued and built upon Kohlberg’s work from a feminist perspective; and Sigmund Freud's theories center around psychosexual development. While each of these figures contributed significantly to psychology, it is Kohlberg who specifically formulated the stages of moral development.